The term training suggests an imposed-by-outside-force change in a person's state of knowledge; learning, in contrast, implies a voluntary act by the student. Training is an information "push", but learning is a "pull". This is more than mere word play: note the resistance that adults (and kids, for that matter) put up to compulsory courses. For anything that's really worthwhile, learning works. Training, in the long run, doesn't.
(correlates: CorrelationsAndCausality, RayDavis, SurvivalFactors, ...)